Here is the full list of all supported data types in Microsoft SQL Server, including string, number, date, and some other types.

String types

Data type Description Maximum size
char(n) Fixed width character string with n is the number of characters to store.
Non-Unicode data.		 8,000 characters
varchar(n) Variable width character string with n is the number of characters to store.
Non-Unicode data.		 8,000 characters
varchar(max) Variable width character string with maximum number of characters is 2GB.
Non-Unicode data.		 1,073,741,824 characters
text Variable width character string.
Non-Unicode data.		 2GB of text data
nchar(n) Fixed width character string with n is the number of characters to store.
Unicode data.		 4,000 characters
nvarchar(n) Variable width character string with n is the number of characters to store.
Unicode data.		 4,000 characters
nvarchar(max) Variable width character string with maximum number of characters is 2GB.
Unicode data.		 536,870,912 characters
ntext Variable width character string.
Unicode data.		 2GB of text data
binary(n) Fixed width binary string. 8,000 bytes
varbinary Variable width binary string. 8,000 bytes
varbinary(max) Variable width binary string. 2GB
image Variable width binary string. 2GB

Number types

Data type Description Storage
bit 0, 1, or NULL  
tinyint From 0 to 255 1 byte
smallint From -32,768 to 32,767 2 bytes
int From -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 4 bytes
bigint From -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 8 bytes
decimal(p,s) Fixed precision and scale numbers.
p defaults to 18, if not specified.
s defaults to 0, if not specified.		 5-17 bytes
dec(p,s) Fixed precision and scale numbers.
p defaults to 18, if not specified.
s defaults to 0, if not specified.		 5-17 bytes
numeric(p,s) Fixed precision and scale numbers.
p defaults to 18, if not specified.
s defaults to 0, if not specified.		 5-17 bytes
smallmoney From -214,748.3648 to 214,748.3647 4 bytes
money From -922,337,203,685,477.5808 to 922,337,203,685,477.5807 8 bytes
float(n) Floating point number data from -1.79E + 308 to 1.79E + 308
n default to 53, if not specified.		 4 or 8 bytes
real Equivalent to float(24) 4 bytes

Date data types:

Data type Description Storage  
datetime From January 1, 1753 to December 31, 9999 8 bytes
datetime2 From January 1, 0001 to December 31, 9999 6-8 bytes
smalldatetime From January 1, 1900 to June 6, 2079 4 bytes
date Store a date only.
From January 1, 0001 to December 31, 9999		 3 bytes
time Store a time only.
From 00:00:00.0000000 to 23:59:59.9999999		 3-5 bytes
datetimeoffset From January 1, 0001 to December 31, 9999.
Time zone offset range from -14:00 to +14:00.		 8-10 bytes
timestamp Stores a unique number that gets updated every time a row gets created or modified. The timestamp value is based upon an internal clock and does not correspond to real time. Each table may have only one timestamp variable.  

Some other types:

Data type Description
sql_variant Stores up to 8,000 bytes of data of various data types, except text, ntext, and timestamp
uniqueidentifier Stores a globally unique identifier (GUID)
xml Stores XML formatted data. Maximum 2GB
cursor Stores a reference to a cursor used for database operations
table Stores a result-set for later processing

Need a good GUI Tool for MS SQL Server? Try TablePlus, a modern, native tool for multiple databases including SQL Server, MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, etc. And it’s free to use for as long as you need it to.

Download TablePlus for Mac.

Not on Mac? Download TablePlus for Windows.

On Linux? Download TablePlus for Linux

Need a quick edit on the go? Download TablePlus for iOS

TablePlus for MS SQL Server